Plant Growth Promoting Actinobacteria from Rhizosphere Soils of Black Pepper in Wayanad
Rineesha Backer Alungal,
Devaki Girija,
Kulkarni Surendra Gopal,
Reshmy Vijayaraghavan,
Beena Viswanathan nair Indirabai
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 2, December 2021
Pages:
31-38
Received:
27 February 2021
Accepted:
12 March 2021
Published:
16 July 2021
Abstract: Actinobacteria isolated from the rhizosphere soils of black pepper comprising both flood affected and non-flood affected areas of Wayanad district. Among different soil samples analysed, Puttad (Ptd) recorded significantly superior actinobacterial population on starch casein aga, Kenknight & Munaier’s agar and actinomycetes isolation agar. Actinobacterial colonies could not be detected in any of the flooded soil samples on any medium, even at a dilution of 10-1, except in Meppadi soil, which recorded a low population of 0.3 x 101 cfu g-1 soil. Starch casein agar is best media to isolate actinobacteria from soil samples compared to other two media. The cultural, morphological and biochemical characterization of thirty-five isolates was carried out. Further the isolates were evaluated for their plant growth promoting traits such as IAA production, nitrogen fixation, P, K and Zn solubilization. The isolates Ptd-A and Amb-C were found to be significantly superior to all other isolates, with IAA production of 15.9 g ml-1 and 15.38 g ml-1 respectively. The four isolates viz. Ptd-A, Ptd-E, Ptd-B and Ptr-A recorded significantly superior nitrogen fixation and the phosphate solubilized was significantly higher in Ptd-E, Ptd-D, Ptr-E, Ptd-A and Ptr-A, as compared to other isolates. All isolates were negative to K and Zn solubilization. Based on in vitro evaluations, three isolates were shortlisted (Ptd-A, Ptd-E and Ptr-A) and subjected to in vivo evaluation for growth promotion in black pepper (variety Panniyur 1). Rooted plants of black pepper were raised in sterile potting mixture. Bioinoculants applied at the time of planting and 45 days after planting. The PGPR Mix-1 and Organic Package of Practices Recommendations (2017) were used for comparison with the microbial inoculants along with control. In the in-planta experiment, biometric characters were recorded at monthly intervals, up to five months. The actinobacterial treatment, T1: Ptd-E, T2: Ptd-A and T3: Ptr-A showed significant increase in shoot length, number of leaves and internode length throughout the growth period from planting to five MAP. Significantly higher root growth was observed in treatment T2: Ptd-A, with significantly higher root volume, fresh and root weight. The potential actinobacteria were identified Ptd-A and Ptr-A as Streptomyces sp. and Ptd-A as Actinobacteria bacterium using 16S r RNA gene sequencing.
Abstract: Actinobacteria isolated from the rhizosphere soils of black pepper comprising both flood affected and non-flood affected areas of Wayanad district. Among different soil samples analysed, Puttad (Ptd) recorded significantly superior actinobacterial population on starch casein aga, Kenknight & Munaier’s agar and actinomycetes isolation agar. Actinoba...
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Yield Stability and Correlation Among Stability Parameters in Faba Bean (Vicia faba L.) Yield Trial in Ethiopia
Gebeyaw Achenef Haile,
Gizachew Yilma
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 2, December 2021
Pages:
39-44
Received:
16 July 2021
Accepted:
26 July 2021
Published:
2 August 2021
Abstract: The relationship between the adaptableness and stability estimates of different models is revealing of whether one or more estimates should be obtained for consistent forecasts of cultivar behavior, and also helps the breeder to select the best adjusted and most informative stability parameter(s). Twelve faba bean genotypes were assessed in 2018/2019 cropping season across seven environments in Ethiopia using randomized complete block design with four replications. The objectives were to identify stable faba bean genotypes across the target environments and determine the relationship among univariate stability parameters. The yield stability was estimated using various stability parameters. Using Eberhart and Russell’s model the regression coefficient (bi) values ranged from 0.85 (G5) to 1.08 (G3). The regression coefficient of G1 (bi = 0.99) and G11 (bi= 1.02) indicated average adaptable across environments. In contrast G2, G3, G4, and G8 have a regression coefficient bi value significantly greater than 1; this showed that genotypes are very sensitive when the environment is changed. To see the level of association among the parameters Spearman’s rank correlation was employed and the result showed highly significant positive rank correlation between cultivar mean performance Pi (r = 0.978) and mean seed yield. Shukula stability variance (ơ2) was significant positive rank correlated (r=1) with (ωi) indicating, the two stability parameters were similar for ranking purposes. Most of the univerate stability (ωi, ơ2, S2di, bi, ASV) parameters identified G8, G6 and G12 were stable and high yielder. Moreover, the experiment has to be repeated in multi locations to provide more reliable results and make recommendations for wide or specific adaptable genotypes in Ethiopia.
Abstract: The relationship between the adaptableness and stability estimates of different models is revealing of whether one or more estimates should be obtained for consistent forecasts of cultivar behavior, and also helps the breeder to select the best adjusted and most informative stability parameter(s). Twelve faba bean genotypes were assessed in 2018/20...
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A Review of Role of Information Diffusion Methods of Proven Crop Technologies: The Case of Metekel Zone, North-West, Ethiopia
Zeru Yimer Kebede,
Wasu Zemariam Mesele
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 2, December 2021
Pages:
45-49
Received:
22 September 2021
Accepted:
19 October 2021
Published:
5 November 2021
Abstract: The farming system of Ethiopia, mainly the study location, is still traditional. Based on this, the lives of majority of the population were not improved even it is worsening from time time. For this phenomenon, different factors contributed a lot directly or indirectly; some of them were shortage of infrastructure, poor extension system, low-adoption of agricultural technology, shortage of dissemination of crop technologies to end users, poor management system, lack of capital, low rate of acceptance of full agricultural packages, unusual traditions, religious beliefs, and others. Thus, this particular review paper was designed with the objective to identify, prioritize, and recommend dissemination means or methods of improved crop technologies information for the study area (Metekel Zone). So far, we made critical review on dissemination of improved crop technologies to final users and got the following methods, that is, mass media, television, radio programming, field days, demonstrations, phone, training, religious institutions, newspaper, and journal (article) as crop technologies dissemination methods. However, the information or service to be delivered to end users depends on the accessibility and preference of the dissemination method. Therefore, we evaluated and confirmed that, field days, demonstrations, trainings, and phone service respectively were the most important crop technologies promotion methods for the study area, Metekel Zone, North-West, Ethiopia.
Abstract: The farming system of Ethiopia, mainly the study location, is still traditional. Based on this, the lives of majority of the population were not improved even it is worsening from time time. For this phenomenon, different factors contributed a lot directly or indirectly; some of them were shortage of infrastructure, poor extension system, low-adopt...
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